保定紫外线吸收剂厂

紫外线吸收剂介绍及其应用

Introduction and Application of Ultraviolet Absorbents

什么是紫外线吸收剂

What is ultraviolet absorbent

1、紫外线吸收剂是一类可防止太阳光或其他人造紫外光引起聚合物降解的物质，是一种光稳定剂。

1. Ultraviolet absorbent is a kind of material which can prevent the degradation of polymer caused by sunlight or other artificial ultraviolet light. It is a kind of light stabilizer.

2、由于太阳光线中含有大量对有色物体有害的紫外光，其波长约290-460nm，这些有害的紫外光通过化学上的氧化还原作用，使颜色分子最后分解褪色，而使用紫外线吸收剂对受保护的物体可以实施有效的防止或削弱其对颜色的破坏。

2. Because there are a lot of harmful ultraviolet light in the sunlight, its wavelength is about 290-460 nm. These harmful ultraviolet light can decompose and fade the color molecule through chemical oxidation-reduction action. Ultraviolet absorbent can effectively prevent or weaken the damage to the color of the protected object.

3、加入紫外线吸收剂后可选择性地吸收这种高能量的紫外线，使之变成无害的能量而释放或消耗。由于聚合物的种类不同，使其劣化的紫外线波长也不相同，不同的紫外线吸收剂可吸收不同波长的紫外线，使用时，应根据聚合物的种类选择紫外线吸收剂。

3. Ultraviolet absorbent can selectively absorb this high-energy ultraviolet ray and make it become harmless energy and release or consume it. Due to the different types of polymers, the ultraviolet wavelength of deterioration is also different. Different ultraviolet absorbents can absorb ultraviolet rays of different wavelengths. Ultraviolet absorbents should be selected according to the types of polymers.

紫外线吸收剂的机理

Mechanism of Ultraviolet Absorbent

1、紫外线吸收剂之所以能吸收紫外光是由于该类化合物分子中含有共轭π电子体系的结构与能够进行氢原子移动的结构两部分所致。也有的只有前一部分。

1. The reason why ultraviolet absorbers can absorb ultraviolet light is due to the structure of the conjugated pion electron system in the molecules of these compounds and the structure that can move hydrogen atoms. Others are just the first part.

2、紫外线吸收剂其结构分子中至少含有一个邻位羟基苯基取代基，这类化合物中由邻位羟基与氮原子或氧原子形成一螯合环，在吸收紫外线后，氢键断裂发生分子异构，分子内结构发生热振动，氢键破坏，螯合环打开，分子内结构发生变化，这样就将有害的紫外光变为无害的热能放出，从而保护了材料，

2. Ultraviolet absorbent contains at least one ortho-hydroxyphenyl substituent in its structure molecule. In this kind of compound, the adjacent hydroxyl group forms a chelating ring with nitrogen or oxygen atom. After absorbing ultraviolet rays, the hydrogen bond breaks and the molecular isomerization occurs. Thermal vibration occurs in the structure of the molecule, the hydrogen bond breaks down, the chelating ring opens and the structure of the molecule changes. The material is protected by the release of harmless heat energy.

3、在这个过程中，分子内所形成的螯合环是其具有吸收紫外线功能的关键，打开此环的能量敏感范围正好为290～400nm波长的紫外线能量范围。

3. In this process, the chelating ring formed within the molecule is the key to its ability to absorb ultraviolet radiation. The energy sensitive range of opening this ring is exactly the ultraviolet energy range of 290-400 nm.

4、另外，作为紫外线吸收剂，还必须能在紫外光或可见光的作用下不进行光化学反应；对化学药品 及水稳定性好，对热的稳定性好；挥发性小；对高分子材料的相容性好及不被溶剂萃取等。

4. In addition, as an ultraviolet absorbent, it must not undergo photochemistry under the action of ultraviolet or visible light; it has good stability to chemicals and water, good thermal stability; low volatility; good compatibility with macromolecule materials and no solvent extraction, etc.

紫外线吸收剂应该具备的条件

Conditions for Ultraviolet Absorbents

1、可强烈地吸收紫外线（尤其是波长为290-400nm）；

1. It can absorb ultraviolet radiation strongly (especially at the wavelength of 290-400 nm).

2、热稳定性好，即使在加工中也不会因热而变化，热挥发性小；

2. Good thermal stability, even in processing, will not change because of heat, thermal volatility is small;

3、化学稳定性好，不与制品中材料组分发生不利反应；

3. It has good chemical stability and does not react adversely with the material components in the products.

4、混溶性好，可均匀地分散在材料中，不喷霜，不渗出；

4. It has good miscibility and can be evenly dispersed in the material without frost spraying and seepage.

5、吸收剂本身的光化学稳定性好，不分解，不变色；

5. The absorbent itself has good photochemical stability, does not decompose and does not change color.

6、无色、无毒、无臭；

6. Colorless, non-toxic and odorless;

7、耐浸洗；

7. Resistance to leaching;

8、价廉、易得；

8. Low price and easy availability;

9、不溶，或难溶于水。

9. Insoluble or insoluble in water.

紫外线吸收剂的分类

Classification of Ultraviolet Absorbents

按化学结构划分，紫外线吸收剂可分为水杨酸酯类、苯酮类、苯并三唑类、取代丙烯腈类、三嗪类和受阻胺类。

According to chemical structure, ultraviolet absorbents can be divided into salicylates, benzoketones, benzotriazoles, substituted acrylonitriles, triazines and hindered amines.

苯并三唑类

Benzotriazoles

该类化合物是紫外线吸收剂中产量最大，品种最多的一类产品，国内外的研究也很活跃。苯并三唑类紫外线吸收剂的合成一般是使芳香胺重氮化生成重氮盐，重氮盐与酚类化合物进行偶合反应生成中间体偶氮颜料，再经还原闭环而成。

This kind of compound is the most abundant product in the ultraviolet absorbent, and the research at home and abroad is also active. The synthesis of benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbents is generally made by diazotization of aromatic amines to diazo salts. Diazo salts are coupled with phenolic compounds to form intermediate azo pigments, which are then closed-loop by reduction.

二苯甲酮类

benzophenone type

该类紫外线吸收剂产量和品种仅次于苯并三唑。

The yield and variety of this kind of ultraviolet absorbent are second only to benzotriazole.

其合成路线基本上为两步反应,即2 ,4 - 二羟基二苯酮的合成和烷氧基二苯酮的合成。

The synthetic route is basically two-step reaction, that is, the synthesis of 2,4-Dihydroxy diphenyl ketone and the synthesis of alkoxy diphenyl ketone.

紫外线吸收剂研究方向

Research Direction of Ultraviolet Absorbents

1、高分子质量化

1. Polymer Quality

降低助剂挥发性，减少反应过程中的损失

Reduce the volatility of additives and the loss in the reaction process

2、多功能化

2. Multifunction

使一个稳定剂分子中同时具有不同功能的基团,起到多种稳定作用（热稳定剂，抗氧剂……）

Make a stabilizer molecule at the same time have different functional groups, play a variety of stabilizing role (heat stabilizer, antioxidant...)

3、反应性化

3. Reactivity

将反应性基团引入光稳定剂分子中，使其在加工时与基础聚合物键合，从而永久存在于高分子材料中

Reactive groups are introduced into light stabilizer molecules to bond with basic polymers during processing, thus permanently existing in polymer materials.